Iran’s “Ten-Point Plan” — Tehran’s Negotiation Bottom Line and Strategic Calculations

Iran’s ten-point plan submitted to the U.S. via Pakistan is the core program for its ceasefire talks. According to a statement from Iran’s Supreme National Security Council, the plan contains multiple key provisions.

In terms of content, Iran’s demands cover a full range of requests, from a regional security framework to economic sanctions. Security-wise: it demands coordinating control of the Strait of Hormuz with Iran’s armed forces; to establish a security transit protocol for the Strait of Hormuz, ensuring that Iran enjoys a leading position; to end the war against all members of the “Axis of Resistance” and put an end to aggression by the Israeli regime; for U.S. combat forces to withdraw from all bases and deployment points in the region. Economic-wise: it demands lifting all primary and secondary sanctions and the UN Security Council resolutions related to them; releasing all Iranian assets and property frozen overseas; and fully compensating Iran’s losses based on the assessment results. On nuclear issues: Iran makes its uranium enrichment rights the bottom line for negotiations and demands that the U.S. accept Iran’s uranium enrichment activities. On procedural matters: all negotiation outcomes should be approved in binding UN Security Council resolutions.

When submitting this proposal, Iran explicitly stated that the negotiation goal is to politically confirm Iran’s achievements on the battlefield within a maximum of 15 days. Negotiating with the U.S. does not mean ending the war; only after details are finalized in accordance with Iran’s “ten-point plan” will it accept an end to the war.

Iran also reiterated its hardline position. Supreme Leader Mujtaba Khamenei said that Iran will not let any aggressor off, and will pursue compensation for war losses and blood-debt for martyrs. Iran’s Majlis speaker Kalibaf said that only if the U.S. stops violating the ceasefire agreement will Iran consider negotiations; otherwise, the conflict will happen again, and the Iranian people and the armed forces are already prepared for this. If negotiations fail, Iran is ready for battle.

Trump’s attitude toward Iran’s “ten-point plan” underwent a rapid shift. Just on the eve of the ceasefire being reached, Trump had said that he had received Iran’s 10-point proposal and “believed the proposal could serve as a viable basis for conducting negotiations.” But after Israel launched airstrikes against Lebanon, Trump changed his tune, saying that the “10 items” were “completely false,” “a fabricated scam.” The U.S. said it rejected the 10 ceasefire terms initially proposed by Iran, and Iran later submitted a new proposal. U.S. Vice President Vance also said bluntly that Iran “thought the ceasefire agreement included Lebanon, but in reality it did not.”

Behind this clash of perceptions is a reflection of deep mistrust between the U.S. and Iran. In a statement, Iran’s Majlis speaker Kalibaf said: “From the very beginning, we have had deep, historical distrust of the United States, and as expected, the U.S. violated its commitments even before negotiations began.”

Iran’s negotiating delegation departed for Islamabad on April 9. Iran’s Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Seyed Hatibzadeh, confirmed that Iran’s delegation will go to Islamabad to take part in peace talks. But Iran’s negotiating preconditions are very clear — Israel must stop its attacks on Lebanon. Iran’s top security official said: “If attacks against Lebanon do not stop, there will be no negotiations.” Iran’s Islamic Majlis speaker Kalibaf also warned that violating the ceasefire agreement would lead to clear costs and consequences.

Different voices within Iran also exist regarding the negotiations. But Iran’s Supreme National Security Council calls on all political factions and the Iranian public to support the talks, while warning that if the negotiations fail, Iran will without hesitation launch war again. “We are ready for battle. If the enemy even slightly wavers, we will deliver a strong counterattack.
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