[Coin World] In 2025, Ethereum completed its transformation from a "Testnet" to a "Financial Infrastructure" identity. Many industry insiders refer to this year as a watershed moment in the history of Ethereum's development – it shed its experimental label and became a globally relied upon underlying network for Financial Institutions, developer teams, and AI systems.
Two major upgrades of the protocol layer
From a technical perspective, Ethereum has completed two hard forks in just 12 months. The Pectra upgrade in May introduced comprehensive support for account abstraction. What does this mean? Simply put, features like Gas payment, transaction bundling, and master key signing, which were previously only available to large users, are now open to everyone.
By the time of the Fusaka upgrade in December, things progressed further. Through PeerDAS technology, network costs were significantly reduced, achieving 8 times the scalability. Moreover, Ethereum also achieved this without a hard fork.